Practice the English vocabulary of the EU AI Act: risk categories, transparency requirements, prohibited AI practices, and conformity assessment.
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What are the four risk tiers defined by the EU AI Act?
The EU AI Act uses four risk tiers: Unacceptable risk (banned AI), High risk (strictly regulated, e.g., biometric ID, CV screening), Limited risk (transparency obligations, e.g., chatbots), and Minimal risk (no obligations).
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Which AI application falls under the 'unacceptable risk' (prohibited) category?
Social scoring systems that evaluate and classify people by governments are explicitly prohibited under the EU AI Act as unacceptable risk — they violate fundamental rights and dignity.
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What does 'transparency obligation' require for limited-risk AI systems?
For limited-risk AI (chatbots, deepfakes), the EU AI Act requires transparency: users must know they are interacting with AI or viewing AI-generated content. This enables informed consent.
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What is a 'GPAI model' (General Purpose AI) under the EU AI Act?
GPAI models (like LLMs) have specific obligations under the EU AI Act, including transparency about training data, copyright compliance, and — for systemic-risk models — security testing and incident reporting.
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What does 'conformity assessment' mean in the EU AI Act for high-risk AI?
High-risk AI systems must undergo conformity assessment before market deployment. For many systems, this is self-assessment; for some categories (like biometric ID), third-party assessment is required.
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What is the EU AI Act's requirement regarding human oversight of high-risk AI?
Human oversight is a core EU AI Act principle for high-risk AI. Systems must be transparent enough for humans to monitor them, and humans must be able to intervene or override the system's decisions.
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What does 'CE marking' on an AI system indicate under the EU AI Act?
CE marking (Conformite Europeenne) signals compliance with EU regulations. For high-risk AI, it means the system has passed the required conformity assessment and the provider is registered in the EU AI database.
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How would an engineer explain the EU AI Act's impact on CV screening software?
Employment-related AI (CV screening, interview assessment) is explicitly listed as high-risk in Annex III of the EU AI Act, requiring strict controls due to its significant impact on individuals' livelihoods.