Practice English vocabulary for graph databases: nodes, edges, properties, labels, graph query languages like Cypher and Gremlin, and traversal concepts.
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In a property graph model, what is a 'node'?
A node (also called a vertex) is the fundamental unit representing an entity in a property graph. Nodes can have labels (types) and key-value properties attached to them.
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Which statement best describes an 'edge' (relationship) in a directed graph?
In a directed graph, an edge has a start node and an end node, giving it a direction. In Neo4j, every relationship has a type (e.g., KNOWS, WORKS_AT) and can carry properties.
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What does 'graph traversal' mean in practice?
Graph traversal means starting at a node and following edges to visit neighbouring nodes. It is the core operation in graph queries — used in path finding, recommendation engines, and fraud detection.
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What is Cypher used for?
Cypher is Neo4j's declarative graph query language. Its ASCII-art syntax makes it intuitive: (alice)-[:KNOWS]->(bob) reads naturally as 'Alice knows Bob'. It supports MATCH, CREATE, MERGE, and RETURN clauses.
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How does Gremlin differ from Cypher?
Gremlin (Apache TinkerPop) is an imperative, step-based traversal language: g.V().has('name','Alice').out('KNOWS').values('name'). It is database-agnostic and works with JanusGraph, Amazon Neptune, and others alongside Neo4j.