Practice quantum cryptography vocabulary: QKD, BB84 protocol, post-quantum cryptography, lattice-based cryptography, NIST PQC standards, and harvest now decrypt later attacks.
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What does QKD stand for in quantum cryptography?
QKD stands for Quantum Key Distribution — a method of securely exchanging cryptographic keys using quantum mechanics, where any eavesdropping is detectable.
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The BB84 protocol is significant because it was:
BB84, proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984, was the first quantum key distribution protocol, using photon polarization states to transmit keys securely.
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What does PQC stand for?
PQC stands for Post-Quantum Cryptography — classical cryptographic algorithms designed to resist attacks from quantum computers.
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'Harvest now, decrypt later' describes which attack strategy?
'Harvest now, decrypt later' is a threat where adversaries collect currently-encrypted data today and store it until quantum computers can break the encryption in the future.
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Lattice-based cryptography is significant because:
Lattice-based cryptography (e.g., CRYSTALS-Kyber) relies on mathematical problems believed to be hard for both classical and quantum computers, making it a leading PQC approach.