Learn the vocabulary of IoT communication protocols: MQTT, CoAP, topics, QoS levels, and device broker concepts.
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MQTT is designed primarily for:
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is a lightweight publish-subscribe protocol designed for constrained devices and unreliable networks.
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In MQTT, a 'topic' is:
An MQTT topic is a UTF-8 string (e.g., sensors/room1/temperature) that devices publish to or subscribe from — the broker routes messages by topic.
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MQTT QoS level 2 guarantees:
QoS 2 is the highest MQTT quality of service level, using a four-step handshake to guarantee exactly-once message delivery.
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CoAP differs from HTTP primarily because it:
CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) is a RESTful protocol designed for low-power, constrained IoT devices — it uses UDP and has very low overhead compared to HTTP.
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An MQTT 'broker' is responsible for:
The MQTT broker is the central server that receives messages from publishers and routes them to all matching subscribers based on topic subscriptions.