A document database (e.g. MongoDB) stores flexible, self-describing documents such as JSON/BSON.
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What is a key-value store optimized for?
A key-value store (e.g. Redis) maps keys to values for very fast direct lookups, with minimal query complexity.
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What is denormalization in NoSQL design?
Denormalization stores related data together (even with duplication) so common queries can be served without joins, trading storage for read speed.
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What does a graph database model best?
A graph database (e.g. Neo4j) models entities as nodes and relationships as edges, excelling at traversing connections.
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What does eventual consistency mean?
Eventual consistency means that without new updates, all replicas will eventually converge to the same state, favoring availability over immediate consistency.